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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>E.5. Release 13</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1" /><link rel="prev" href="release-13-1.html" title="E.4. Release 13.1" /><link rel="next" href="release-prior.html" title="E.6. Prior Releases" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">E.5. Release 13</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="release-13-1.html" title="E.4. Release 13.1">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="release.html" title="Appendix E. Release Notes">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Appendix E. Release Notes</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 13.4 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="release-prior.html" title="E.6. Prior Releases">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></hr></div><div class="sect1" id="RELEASE-13"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">E.5. Release 13</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-13.html#id-1.11.6.9.3">E.5.1. Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-13.html#id-1.11.6.9.4">E.5.2. Migration to Version 13</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-13.html#id-1.11.6.9.5">E.5.3. Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="release-13.html#RELEASE-13-ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS">E.5.4. Acknowledgments</a></span></dt></dl></div><p><strong>Release date: </strong>2020-09-24</p><div class="sect2" id="id-1.11.6.9.3"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.5.1. Overview</h3></div></div></div><p>
<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 13 contains many new features and
enhancements, including:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Space savings and performance gains from de-duplication of B-tree
index entries
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improved performance for queries that use aggregates or partitioned
tables
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Better query planning when using extended statistics
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Parallelized vacuuming of indexes
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Incremental sorting
</p></li></ul></div><p>
The above items and other new features
of <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 13 are explained in more
detail in the sections below.
</p></div><div class="sect2" id="id-1.11.6.9.4"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.5.2. Migration to Version 13</h3></div></div></div><p>
A dump/restore using <a class="xref" href="app-pg-dumpall.html" title="pg_dumpall"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_dumpall</span></span></a> or use of <a class="xref" href="pgupgrade.html" title="pg_upgrade"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_upgrade</span></span></a> or logical replication is required for those
wishing to migrate data from any previous release. See <a class="xref" href="upgrading.html" title="18.6. Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster">Section 18.6</a> for general information on migrating to new major
releases.
</p><p>
Version 13 contains a number of changes that may affect compatibility
with previous releases. Observe the following incompatibilities:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Change <a class="link" href="functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-SIMILARTO-REGEXP" title="9.7.2. SIMILAR TO Regular Expressions"><code class="command">SIMILAR
TO ... ESCAPE NULL</code></a> to return <code class="literal">NULL</code>
(Tom Lane)
</p><p>
This new behavior matches the <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> specification.
Previously a null <code class="literal">ESCAPE</code> value was taken to mean
using the default escape string (a backslash character). This also
applies to <code class="literal">substring(<em class="replaceable"><code>text</code></em>
FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>pattern</code></em>
ESCAPE <em class="replaceable"><code>text</code></em>)</code>. The previous
behavior has been retained in old views by keeping the original
function unchanged.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Make <a class="link" href="functions-textsearch.html#TEXTSEARCH-FUNCTIONS-TABLE" title="Table 9.42. Text Search Functions"><code class="function">json[b]_to_tsvector()</code></a>
fully check the spelling of its <code class="literal">string</code> option
(Dominik Czarnota)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Change the way non-default <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-EFFECTIVE-IO-CONCURRENCY">effective_io_concurrency</a> values affect concurrency
(Thomas Munro)
</p><p>
Previously, this value was adjusted before setting the number of
concurrent requests. The value is now used directly. Conversion of
old values to new ones can be done using:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
SELECT round(sum(<em class="replaceable"><code>OLDVALUE</code></em> / n::float)) AS newvalue FROM generate_series(1, <em class="replaceable"><code>OLDVALUE</code></em>) s(n);
</pre></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Prevent display of auxiliary processes in <a class="xref" href="monitoring-stats.html#PG-STAT-SSL-VIEW" title="Table 27.17. pg_stat_ssl View">pg_stat_ssl</a> and <a class="xref" href="monitoring-stats.html#PG-STAT-GSSAPI-VIEW" title="Table 27.18. pg_stat_gssapi View">pg_stat_gssapi</a>
system views (Euler Taveira)
</p><p>
Queries that join these views to <a class="xref" href="monitoring-stats.html#PG-STAT-ACTIVITY-VIEW" title="Table 27.3. pg_stat_activity View">pg_stat_activity</a> and wish to see auxiliary processes
will need to use left joins.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Rename various <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#WAIT-EVENT-TABLE" title="Table 27.4. Wait Event Types">wait
events</a> to improve consistency (Fujii Masao, Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Fix <a class="link" href="sql-alterforeigntable.html" title="ALTER FOREIGN TABLE"><code class="command">ALTER FOREIGN
TABLE ... RENAME COLUMN</code></a> to return a more appropriate
command tag (Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
Previously it returned <code class="command">ALTER TABLE</code>; now it returns
<code class="command">ALTER FOREIGN TABLE</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Fix <a class="link" href="sql-altermaterializedview.html" title="ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW"><code class="command">ALTER
MATERIALIZED VIEW ... RENAME COLUMN</code></a> to return a more
appropriate command tag (Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
Previously it returned <code class="command">ALTER TABLE</code>; now it returns
<code class="command">ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Rename configuration parameter <code class="varname">wal_keep_segments</code>
to <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-WAL-KEEP-SIZE">wal_keep_size</a> (Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
This determines how much WAL to retain for standby servers.
It is specified in megabytes, rather than number of files as with
the old parameter. If you
previously used <code class="varname">wal_keep_segments</code>,
the following formula will give you an approximately equivalent setting:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
wal_keep_size = wal_keep_segments * wal_segment_size (typically 16MB)
</pre><p>
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove support for defining <a class="link" href="sql-createopclass.html" title="CREATE OPERATOR CLASS">operator
classes</a> using pre-<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>
8.0 syntax (Daniel Gustafsson)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove support for defining <a class="link" href="sql-altertable.html" title="ALTER TABLE">foreign key
constraints</a> using pre-<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>
7.3 syntax (Daniel Gustafsson)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove support for "opaque" <a class="link" href="sql-createtype.html" title="CREATE TYPE">pseudo-types</a> used by
pre-<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 7.3 servers (Daniel
Gustafsson)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove support for upgrading unpackaged (pre-9.1) extensions (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
The <code class="literal">FROM</code> option
of <a class="link" href="sql-createextension.html" title="CREATE EXTENSION"><code class="command">CREATE
EXTENSION</code></a> is no longer supported. Any installations
still using unpackaged extensions should upgrade them to a packaged
version before updating to <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 13.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove support for <code class="filename">posixrules</code> files in the
timezone database (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
IANA's timezone group has deprecated this feature, meaning that it
will gradually disappear from systems' timezone databases over the
next few years. Rather than have a behavioral change appear
unexpectedly with a timezone data update, we have
removed <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>'s support for this
feature as of version 13. This affects only the behavior
of <a class="link" href="datetime-posix-timezone-specs.html" title="B.5. POSIX Time Zone Specifications">POSIX-style time
zone specifications</a> that lack an explicit daylight savings
transition rule; formerly the transition rule could be determined
by installing a custom <code class="filename">posixrules</code> file, but
now it is hard-wired. The recommended fix for any affected
installations is to start using a geographical time zone name.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
In <a class="xref" href="ltree.html" title="F.21. ltree">ltree</a>, when an <code class="type">lquery</code> pattern
contains adjacent asterisks with braces,
e.g., <code class="literal">*{2}.*{3}</code>, properly interpret that
as <code class="literal">*{5}</code> (Nikita Glukhov)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Fix <a class="xref" href="pageinspect.html" title="F.22. pageinspect">pageinspect</a>'s <code class="function">bt_metap()</code>
to return more appropriate data types that are less likely to overflow
(Peter Geoghegan)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" id="id-1.11.6.9.5"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.5.3. Changes</h3></div></div></div><p>
Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 13 and the previous major
release.
</p><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.1. Server</h4></div></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.2"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.1. <a class="link" href="ddl-partitioning.html" title="5.11. Table Partitioning">Partitioning</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITION-PRUNING" title="5.11.4. Partition Pruning">pruning</a> of
partitions to happen in more cases
(Yuzuko Hosoya, Amit Langote, Álvaro Herrera)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="runtime-config-query.html#GUC-ENABLE-PARTITIONWISE-JOIN">partitionwise
joins</a> to happen in more cases (Ashutosh Bapat, Etsuro Fujita,
Amit Langote, Tom Lane)
</p><p>
For example, partitionwise joins can now happen between partitioned
tables even when their partition bounds do not match exactly.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Support row-level <code class="literal">BEFORE</code> <a class="link" href="triggers.html" title="Chapter 38. Triggers">triggers</a> on partitioned tables (Álvaro
Herrera)
</p><p>
However, such a trigger is not allowed to change which partition
is the destination.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow partitioned tables to be logically replicated via <a class="link" href="sql-createpublication.html" title="CREATE PUBLICATION">publications</a> (Amit Langote)
</p><p>
Previously, partitions had to be replicated individually. Now a
partitioned table can be published explicitly, causing all its
partitions to be published automatically. Addition/removal of a
partition causes it to be likewise added to or removed from the
publication.
The <a class="link" href="sql-createpublication.html" title="CREATE PUBLICATION"><code class="command">CREATE
PUBLICATION</code></a> option
<code class="literal">publish_via_partition_root</code> controls whether changes
to partitions are published as their own changes or their parent's.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow logical replication into partitioned tables on subscribers
(Amit Langote)
</p><p>
Previously, subscribers could only receive rows into non-partitioned
tables.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow whole-row variables (that
is, <em class="replaceable"><code>table</code></em><code class="literal">.*</code>) to be
used in partitioning expressions (Amit Langote)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.3"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.2. Indexes</h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
More efficiently store <a class="link" href="btree-implementation.html#BTREE-DEDUPLICATION" title="63.4.2. Deduplication">duplicates</a> in B-tree indexes
(Anastasia Lubennikova, Peter Geoghegan)
</p><p>
This allows efficient B-tree indexing of low-cardinality columns
by storing duplicate keys only once. Users upgrading with <a class="link" href="pgupgrade.html" title="pg_upgrade"><span class="application">pg_upgrade</span></a>
will need to use <a class="link" href="sql-reindex.html" title="REINDEX"><code class="command">REINDEX</code></a> to make an
existing index use this feature.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="gist.html" title="Chapter 64. GiST Indexes">GiST</a> and <a class="link" href="spgist.html" title="Chapter 65. SP-GiST Indexes">SP-GiST</a> indexes on <code class="type">box</code>
columns to support <code class="literal">ORDER BY <em class="replaceable"><code>box</code></em>
<-> <em class="replaceable"><code>point</code></em></code> queries (Nikita
Glukhov)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="gin.html" title="Chapter 66. GIN Indexes"><acronym class="acronym">GIN</acronym></a> indexes to
more efficiently handle <code class="literal">!</code> (NOT) clauses
in <code class="type">tsquery</code> searches (Nikita
Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov, Tom Lane, Julien Rouhaud)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-createindex.html" title="CREATE INDEX">index operator classes</a>
to take parameters (Nikita Glukhov)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <code class="command">CREATE INDEX</code> to specify the GiST signature
length and maximum number of integer ranges (Nikita Glukhov)
</p><p>
Indexes created on four and eight-byte <a class="link" href="intarray.html" title="F.18. intarray">integer
array</a>, <a class="link" href="textsearch.html" title="Chapter 12. Full Text Search">tsvector</a>,
<a class="xref" href="pgtrgm.html" title="F.31. pg_trgm">pg_trgm</a>, <a class="xref" href="ltree.html" title="F.21. ltree">ltree</a>, and <a class="xref" href="hstore.html" title="F.16. hstore">hstore</a> columns can now control these GiST index parameters,
rather than using the defaults.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Prevent indexes that use non-default collations from being <a class="link" href="sql-altertable.html" title="ALTER TABLE">added</a> as a table's unique or primary
key constraint (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
The index's collation must match that of the underlying column,
but <code class="command">ALTER TABLE</code> previously failed to check
this.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.4"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.3. Optimizer</h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve the optimizer's <a class="link" href="planner-stats-details.html" title="Chapter 71. How the Planner Uses Statistics">selectivity</a> estimation for
containment/match operators (Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow setting the <a class="link" href="sql-altertable.html" title="ALTER TABLE">statistics target</a>
for <a class="link" href="sql-createstatistics.html" title="CREATE STATISTICS">extended statistics</a>
(Tomas Vondra)
</p><p>
This is controlled with the new command option <code class="command">ALTER
STATISTICS ... SET STATISTICS</code>. Previously this was computed
based on more general statistics target settings.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow use of multiple extended statistics objects in a single query
(Tomas Vondra)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow use of extended statistics objects for OR clauses and <a class="link" href="functions-subquery.html" title="9.23. Subquery Expressions">IN</a>/<code class="literal">ANY</code> constant
lists (Pierre Ducroquet, Tomas Vondra)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow functions in <code class="literal">FROM</code> clauses to be pulled up
(inlined) if they evaluate to constants (Alexander Kuzmenkov,
Aleksandr Parfenov)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.5"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.4. General Performance</h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Implement <a class="link" href="runtime-config-query.html#GUC-ENABLE-INCREMENTAL-SORT">incremental
sorting</a> (James Coleman, Alexander Korotkov, Tomas Vondra)
</p><p>
If an intermediate query result is known to be sorted by
one or more leading keys of a required sort ordering, the
additional sorting can be done considering only the remaining
keys, if the rows are sorted in batches that have equal leading
keys.
</p><p>
If necessary, this can be controlled using <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-query.html#GUC-ENABLE-INCREMENTAL-SORT">enable_incremental_sort</a>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve the performance of sorting <a class="link" href="datatype-net-types.html#DATATYPE-INET" title="8.9.1. inet">inet</a> values (Brandur Leach)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="runtime-config-query.html#GUC-ENABLE-HASHAGG">hash aggregation</a>
to use disk storage for large aggregation result sets (Jeff Davis)
</p><p>
Previously, hash aggregation was avoided if it was expected to use
more than <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-WORK-MEM">work_mem</a> memory. Now, a hash
aggregation plan can be chosen despite that. The hash table will
be spilled to disk if it exceeds <code class="varname">work_mem</code> times
<a class="xref" href="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-HASH-MEM-MULTIPLIER">hash_mem_multiplier</a>.
</p><p>
This behavior is normally preferable to the old behavior, in which
once hash aggregation had been chosen, the hash table would be
kept in memory no matter how large it got — which could be
very large if the planner had misestimated. If necessary,
behavior similar to that can be obtained by
increasing <code class="varname">hash_mem_multiplier</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow inserts, not only updates and deletes, to trigger vacuuming
activity in <a class="link" href="routine-vacuuming.html#AUTOVACUUM" title="24.1.6. The Autovacuum Daemon">autovacuum</a>
(Laurenz Albe, Darafei Praliaskouski)
</p><p>
Previously, insert-only activity would trigger auto-analyze but
not auto-vacuum, on the grounds that there could not be any dead
tuples to remove. However, a vacuum scan has other useful
side-effects such as setting page-all-visible bits, which improves
the efficiency of index-only scans. Also, allowing an insert-only
table to receive periodic vacuuming helps to spread out the work
of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">freezing</span>”</span> old tuples, so that there is not
suddenly a large amount of freezing work to do when the entire
table reaches the anti-wraparound threshold all at once.
</p><p>
If necessary, this behavior can be adjusted with the new
parameters <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-autovacuum.html#GUC-AUTOVACUUM-VACUUM-INSERT-THRESHOLD">autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold</a>
and <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-autovacuum.html#GUC-AUTOVACUUM-VACUUM-INSERT-SCALE-FACTOR">autovacuum_vacuum_insert_scale_factor</a>, or
the equivalent table storage options.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-MAINTENANCE-IO-CONCURRENCY">maintenance_io_concurrency</a> parameter to
control I/O concurrency for maintenance operations (Thomas Munro)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> writes to be skipped during a transaction
that creates or rewrites a relation, if <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-WAL-LEVEL">wal_level</a> is <code class="literal">minimal</code> (Kyotaro
Horiguchi)
</p><p>
Relations larger than <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-WAL-SKIP-THRESHOLD">wal_skip_threshold</a>
will have their files fsync'ed rather than generating
<acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym>. Previously this was done only for
<code class="command">COPY</code> operations, but the implementation had a bug
that could cause data loss during crash recovery.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve performance when replaying <a class="link" href="sql-dropdatabase.html" title="DROP DATABASE"><code class="command">DROP DATABASE</code></a>
commands when many tablespaces are in use (Fujii Masao)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve performance for <a class="link" href="sql-truncate.html" title="TRUNCATE">truncation</a>
of very large relations (Kirk Jamison)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve retrieval of the leading bytes of <a class="link" href="storage-toast.html" title="69.2. TOAST"><acronym class="acronym">TOAST</acronym></a>'ed values
(Binguo Bao, Andrey Borodin)
</p><p>
Previously, compressed out-of-line <acronym class="acronym">TOAST</acronym> values
were fully fetched even when it's known that only some leading
bytes are needed. Now, only enough data to produce the result is
fetched.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve performance of <a class="link" href="sql-listen.html" title="LISTEN"><code class="command">LISTEN</code></a>/<code class="command">NOTIFY</code>
(Martijn van Oosterhout, Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Speed up conversions of integers to text (David Fetter)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Reduce memory usage for query strings and extension scripts that
contain many <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> statements (Amit Langote)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.6"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.5. Monitoring</h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-explain.html" title="EXPLAIN"><code class="command">EXPLAIN</code></a>,
<a class="xref" href="auto-explain.html" title="F.4. auto_explain">auto_explain</a>, <a class="link" href="routine-vacuuming.html#AUTOVACUUM" title="24.1.6. The Autovacuum Daemon">autovacuum</a>, and <a class="xref" href="pgstatstatements.html" title="F.29. pg_stat_statements">pg_stat_statements</a> to track <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> usage
statistics (Kirill Bychik, Julien Rouhaud)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow a sample of SQL statements, rather than all statements, to
be logged (Adrien Nayrat)
</p><p>
A <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-STATEMENT-SAMPLE-RATE">log_statement_sample_rate</a> fraction of
those statements taking more than
<a class="xref" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-MIN-DURATION-SAMPLE">log_min_duration_sample</a> duration will be
logged.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add the backend type to <a class="link" href="runtime-config-logging.html" title="19.8. Error Reporting and Logging">csvlog</a> and optionally <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-LINE-PREFIX">log_line_prefix</a> log output (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve control of prepared statement parameter logging (Alexey
Bashtanov, Álvaro Herrera)
</p><p>
The <acronym class="acronym">GUC</acronym> setting <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-PARAMETER-MAX-LENGTH">log_parameter_max_length</a> controls the maximum length
of parameter values output during logging of non-error statements,
while <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-PARAMETER-MAX-LENGTH-ON-ERROR">log_parameter_max_length_on_error</a> does
the same for logging of statements with errors. Previously,
prepared statement parameters were never logged during errors.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow function call backtraces to be logged after errors (Peter
Eisentraut, Álvaro Herrera)
</p><p>
The new parameter <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-BACKTRACE-FUNCTIONS">backtrace_functions</a> specifies
which C functions should generate backtraces on error.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Make <a class="link" href="sql-vacuum.html" title="VACUUM">vacuum</a> buffer counters 64-bits
wide to avoid overflow (Álvaro Herrera)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.7"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.6. System Views</h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <code class="structfield">leader_pid</code> to <a class="xref" href="monitoring-stats.html#PG-STAT-ACTIVITY-VIEW" title="Table 27.3. pg_stat_activity View">pg_stat_activity</a> to report a parallel worker's
leader process (Julien Rouhaud)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add system view <a class="link" href="progress-reporting.html#BASEBACKUP-PROGRESS-REPORTING" title="27.4.5. Base Backup Progress Reporting"><code class="structname">pg_stat_progress_basebackup</code></a>
to report the progress of streaming base backups (Fujii Masao)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add system view <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-DYNAMIC-VIEWS-TABLE" title="Table 27.1. Dynamic Statistics Views"><code class="structname">pg_stat_progress_analyze</code></a>
to report <a class="link" href="sql-analyze.html" title="ANALYZE">ANALYZE</a> progress
(Álvaro Herrera, Tatsuro Yamada, Vinayak Pokale)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add system view <a class="link" href="view-pg-shmem-allocations.html" title="51.87. pg_shmem_allocations"><code class="structname">pg_shmem_allocations</code></a>
to display shared memory usage (Andres Freund, Robert Haas)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add system view <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS-TABLE" title="Table 27.2. Collected Statistics Views"><code class="structname">pg_stat_slru</code></a>
to monitor internal <acronym class="acronym">SLRU</acronym> caches
(Tomas Vondra)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-statistics.html#GUC-TRACK-ACTIVITY-QUERY-SIZE">track_activity_query_size</a> to be set as
high as 1MB (Vyacheslav Makarov)
</p><p>
The previous maximum was 100kB.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.8"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.7. <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#WAIT-EVENT-TABLE" title="Table 27.4. Wait Event Types">Wait Events</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Report a wait event while creating a DSM segment
with <code class="function">posix_fallocate()</code> (Thomas Munro)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add wait event VacuumDelay to report on cost-based vacuum delay
(Justin Pryzby)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add wait events for <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> archive and recovery pause
(Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
The new events are BackupWaitWalArchive and RecoveryPause.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add wait events RecoveryConflictSnapshot and
RecoveryConflictTablespace to monitor recovery conflicts (Masahiko
Sawada)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve performance of wait events on <acronym class="acronym">BSD</acronym>-based
systems (Thomas Munro)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.9"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.8. <acronym class="acronym">Authentication</acronym></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow only superusers to view the <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-connection.html#GUC-SSL-PASSPHRASE-COMMAND">ssl_passphrase_command</a> setting (Insung Moon)
</p><p>
This was changed as a security precaution.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Change the server's default minimum <acronym class="acronym">TLS</acronym> version
for encrypted connections from 1.0 to 1.2 (Peter Eisentraut)
</p><p>
This choice can be controlled by
<a class="xref" href="runtime-config-connection.html#GUC-SSL-MIN-PROTOCOL-VERSION">ssl_min_protocol_version</a>.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.3.10"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.1.9. Server Configuration</h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Tighten rules on which utility commands are allowed in
read-only transaction mode (Robert Haas)
</p><p>
This change also increases the number of utility commands that can
run in parallel queries.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-ALLOW-SYSTEM-TABLE-MODS">allow_system_table_mods</a> to be changed
after server start (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Disallow non-superusers from modifying system tables when <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-ALLOW-SYSTEM-TABLE-MODS">allow_system_table_mods</a> is set (Peter Eisentraut)
</p><p>
Previously, if <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-ALLOW-SYSTEM-TABLE-MODS">allow_system_table_mods</a>
was set at server start, non-superusers could issue
<code class="command">INSERT</code>/<code class="command">UPDATE</code>/<code class="command">DELETE</code>
commands on system tables.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Enable support
for <a class="link" href="runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS" title="19.3.1. Connection Settings">Unix-domain
sockets</a> on Windows (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.4"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.2. Streaming Replication and Recovery</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow streaming replication configuration settings to be changed by
reload (Sergei Kornilov)
</p><p>
Previously, a server restart was required to change
<a class="xref" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-PRIMARY-CONNINFO">primary_conninfo</a> and <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-PRIMARY-SLOT-NAME">primary_slot_name</a>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> receivers to use a temporary
replication slot when a permanent one is not specified (Peter
Eisentraut, Sergei Kornilov)
</p><p>
This behavior can be enabled using <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-WAL-RECEIVER-CREATE-TEMP-SLOT">wal_receiver_create_temp_slot</a>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow WAL storage for replication slots to be limited by
<a class="xref" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-MAX-SLOT-WAL-KEEP-SIZE">max_slot_wal_keep_size</a> (Kyotaro Horiguchi)
</p><p>
Replication slots that would require exceeding this value are
marked invalid.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-PROMOTE-TRIGGER-FILE">standby promotion</a>
to cancel any requested pause (Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
Previously, promotion could not happen while the standby was in
paused state.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Generate an error if recovery does not reach the specified <a class="link" href="runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET" title="19.5.5. Recovery Target">recovery target</a>
(Leif Gunnar Erlandsen, Peter Eisentraut)
</p><p>
Previously, a standby would promote itself upon reaching the end
of <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym>, even if the target was not reached.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow control over how much memory is used by logical decoding before
it is spilled to disk (Tomas Vondra, Dilip Kumar, Amit Kapila)
</p><p>
This is controlled by <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-LOGICAL-DECODING-WORK-MEM">logical_decoding_work_mem</a>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow recovery to continue even if invalid
pages are referenced by <acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> (Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
This is enabled using <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-developer.html#GUC-IGNORE-INVALID-PAGES">ignore_invalid_pages</a>.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.5"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.3. Utility Commands</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-vacuum.html" title="VACUUM"><code class="command">VACUUM</code></a>
to process a table's indexes in parallel (Masahiko Sawada, Amit Kapila)
</p><p>
The new <code class="literal">PARALLEL</code> option controls this.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-select.html#SQL-LIMIT" title="LIMIT Clause"><code class="command">FETCH FIRST</code></a>
to use <code class="literal">WITH TIES</code> to return any additional rows
that match the last result row (Surafel Temesgen)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Report planning-time buffer usage in <a class="link" href="sql-explain.html" title="EXPLAIN"><code class="command">EXPLAIN</code></a>'s
<code class="literal">BUFFER</code> output (Julien Rouhaud)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Make <a class="link" href="sql-createtable.html" title="CREATE TABLE"><code class="command">CREATE TABLE
LIKE</code></a> propagate a <code class="literal">CHECK</code>
constraint's <code class="literal">NO INHERIT</code> property to the created
table (Ildar Musin, Chris Travers)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
When using <a class="link" href="sql-lock.html" title="LOCK"><code class="command">LOCK
TABLE</code></a> on a partitioned table, do not check permissions
on the child tables (Amit Langote)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-insert.html" title="INSERT"><code class="literal">OVERRIDING USER
VALUE</code></a> on inserts into identity columns (Dean Rasheed)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="sql-altertable.html" title="ALTER TABLE"><code class="command">ALTER
TABLE ... DROP EXPRESSION</code></a>
to allow removing the <code class="literal">GENERATED</code>
property from a column (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Fix bugs in multi-step <code class="command">ALTER TABLE</code> commands (Tom
Lane)
</p><p>
<code class="literal">IF NOT EXISTS</code> clauses now work as expected, in
that derived actions (such as index creation) do not execute if the
column already exists. Also, certain cases of combining related
actions into one <code class="command">ALTER TABLE</code> now work when they
did not before.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="sql-alterview.html" title="ALTER VIEW"><code class="command">ALTER VIEW</code></a>
syntax to rename view columns (Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
Renaming view columns was already possible, but one had to
write <code class="command">ALTER TABLE RENAME COLUMN</code>, which is
confusing.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="sql-altertype.html" title="ALTER TYPE"><code class="command">ALTER TYPE</code></a>
options to modify a base type's <acronym class="acronym">TOAST</acronym> properties
and support functions (Tomas Vondra, Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="sql-createdatabase.html" title="CREATE DATABASE"><code class="command">CREATE
DATABASE</code></a> <code class="literal">LOCALE</code> option (Peter
Eisentraut)
</p><p>
This combines the existing options <code class="literal">LC_COLLATE</code> and
<code class="literal">LC_CTYPE</code> into a single option.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-dropdatabase.html" title="DROP DATABASE"><code class="command">DROP
DATABASE</code></a> to disconnect sessions using the target
database, allowing the drop to succeed (Pavel Stehule, Amit Kapila)
</p><p>
This is enabled by the <code class="literal">FORCE</code> option.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add structure member <a class="link" href="trigger-interface.html" title="38.3. Writing Trigger Functions in C"><code class="structfield">tg_updatedcols</code></a>
to allow C-language update triggers to know which column(s) were updated
(Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.6"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.4. Data Types</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Add polymorphic data types for use by functions requiring compatible
arguments (Pavel Stehule)
</p><p>
The new data types are <a class="link" href="datatype-pseudo.html#DATATYPE-PSEUDOTYPES-TABLE" title="Table 8.27. Pseudo-Types"><code class="type">anycompatible</code></a>,
<code class="type">anycompatiblearray</code>, <code class="type">anycompatiblenonarray</code>,
and <code class="type">anycompatiblerange</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> data type <a class="link" href="datatype-oid.html" title="8.19. Object Identifier Types"><code class="type">xid8</code></a> to expose
FullTransactionId (Thomas Munro)
</p><p>
The existing <code class="type">xid</code> data type is only four bytes so it
does not provide the transaction epoch.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add data
type <a class="link" href="datatype-oid.html" title="8.19. Object Identifier Types"><code class="type">regcollation</code></a>
and associated functions, to represent OIDs of collation objects
(Julien Rouhaud)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Use the glibc version in some cases as a <a class="link" href="collation.html" title="23.2. Collation Support">collation</a> version identifier (Thomas Munro)
</p><p>
If the glibc version changes, a warning will be issued about
possible corruption of collation-dependent indexes.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add support for collation versions on Windows (Thomas Munro)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-ROW-CONSTRUCTORS" title="4.2.13. Row Constructors"><code class="literal">ROW</code>
expressions</a> to have their members extracted with suffix
notation (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
For example, <code class="literal">(ROW(4, 5.0)).f1</code> now returns 4.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.7"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.5. Functions</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Add alternate version of <a class="link" href="functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING-TABLE" title="Table 9.47. JSON Processing Functions"><code class="function">jsonb_set()</code></a>
with improved <code class="literal">NULL</code> handling (Andrew Dunstan)
</p><p>
The new function, <code class="function">jsonb_set_lax()</code>, handles a
<code class="literal">NULL</code> new value by either setting the specified
key to a <acronym class="acronym">JSON</acronym> null, deleting the key, raising an
exception, or returning the <code class="type">jsonb</code> value unmodified, as
requested.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add jsonpath <a class="link" href="functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-SQLJSON-PATH-OPERATORS" title="9.16.2.2. SQL/JSON Path Operators and Methods">.<code class="function">datetime()</code></a>
method (Nikita Glukhov, Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov, Alexander
Korotkov)
</p><p>
This function allows <acronym class="acronym">JSON</acronym> values to be converted
to timestamps, which can then be processed in <code class="type">jsonpath</code>
expressions. This change also adds <code class="type">jsonpath</code> functions
that support time-zone-aware output.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> functions <a class="link" href="functions-string.html#FUNCTIONS-STRING-SQL" title="Table 9.9. SQL String Functions and Operators"><code class="literal">NORMALIZE</code>()</a>
to normalize Unicode strings, and <a class="link" href="collation.html#COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTIC" title="23.2.2.4. Nondeterministic Collations"><code class="literal">IS
NORMALIZED</code></a> to check for normalization (Peter
Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <code class="function">min()</code> and
<code class="function">max()</code> aggregates for <a class="link" href="datatype-pg-lsn.html" title="8.20. pg_lsn Type"><code class="type">pg_lsn</code></a> (Fabrízio
de Royes Mello)
</p><p>
These are particularly useful in monitoring queries.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS-UESCAPE" title="4.1.2.3. String Constants with Unicode Escapes">Unicode
escapes</a>,
e.g., <code class="literal">E'\u<em class="replaceable"><code>nnnn</code></em>'</code>
or <code class="literal">U&'\<em class="replaceable"><code>nnnn</code></em>'</code>, to
specify any character available in the database encoding, even when
the database encoding is not <acronym class="acronym">UTF</acronym>-8 (Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="functions-formatting.html" title="9.8. Data Type Formatting Functions"><code class="function">to_date()</code></a>
and <code class="function">to_timestamp()</code> to recognize non-English
month/day names (Juan José Santamaría Flecha, Tom Lane)
</p><p>
The names recognized are the same as those output by <a class="link" href="functions-formatting.html" title="9.8. Data Type Formatting Functions"><code class="function">to_char()</code></a>
with the same format patterns.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add datetime format patterns <code class="literal">FF1</code>
– <code class="literal">FF6</code> to specify input or output of
1 to 6 fractional-second digits (Alexander
Korotkov, Nikita Glukhov, Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov)
</p><p>
These patterns can be used by <code class="function">to_char()</code>,
<code class="function">to_timestamp()</code>, and jsonpath's
.<code class="function">datetime()</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <code class="literal">SSSSS</code> datetime format pattern as an
<acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym>-standard alias for <code class="literal">SSSS</code>
(Nikita Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add function <a class="link" href="functions-uuid.html" title="9.14. UUID Functions"><code class="function">gen_random_uuid()</code></a>
to generate version-4 UUIDs (Peter Eisentraut)
</p><p>
Previously <acronym class="acronym">UUID</acronym> generation functions were only
available in the external modules <a class="xref" href="uuid-ossp.html" title="F.44. uuid-ossp">uuid-ossp</a> and <a class="xref" href="pgcrypto.html" title="F.25. pgcrypto">pgcrypto</a>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add greatest-common-denominator
(<a class="link" href="functions-math.html#FUNCTIONS-MATH-FUNC-TABLE" title="Table 9.5. Mathematical Functions"><code class="function">gcd</code></a>)
and least-common-multiple (<code class="function">lcm</code>) functions (Vik
Fearing)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve the performance and accuracy of the <code class="type">numeric</code>
type's <a class="link" href="functions-math.html#FUNCTIONS-MATH-FUNC-TABLE" title="Table 9.5. Mathematical Functions">square root</a>
(<code class="function">sqrt</code>) and natural log
(<code class="function">ln</code>) functions (Dean Rasheed)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add function <a class="link" href="functions-math.html#FUNCTIONS-MATH-FUNC-TABLE" title="Table 9.5. Mathematical Functions"><code class="function">min_scale()</code></a>
that returns the number of digits to the right of the decimal point
that are required to represent a <code class="type">numeric</code> value with
full accuracy (Pavel Stehule)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add function <a class="link" href="functions-math.html#FUNCTIONS-MATH-FUNC-TABLE" title="Table 9.5. Mathematical Functions"><code class="function">trim_scale()</code></a>
to reduce the scale of a <code class="type">numeric</code> value by removing
trailing zeros (Pavel Stehule)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add commutators of <a class="link" href="functions-geometry.html#FUNCTIONS-GEOMETRY-OP-TABLE" title="Table 9.35. Geometric Operators">distance
operators</a> (Nikita Glukhov)
</p><p>
For example, previously only <code class="type">point</code>
<code class="literal"><-></code> <code class="type">line</code> was supported,
now <code class="type">line</code> <code class="literal"><-></code> <code class="type">point</code>
works too.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Create <code class="type">xid8</code> versions of all <a class="link" href="functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-PG-SNAPSHOT" title="Table 9.74. Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions">transaction ID functions</a>
(Thomas Munro)
</p><p>
The old <code class="type">xid</code>-based functions still exist, for backward
compatibility.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="functions-binarystring.html#FUNCTIONS-BINARYSTRING-OTHER" title="Table 9.12. Other Binary String Functions"><code class="function">get_bit()</code></a>
and <code class="function">set_bit()</code> to set bits beyond the first
256MB of a <code class="type">bytea</code> value (Movead Li)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS" title="9.27.10. Advisory Lock Functions">advisory-lock
functions</a> to be used in some parallel operations (Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add the ability to remove an object's dependency on an extension
(Álvaro Herrera)
</p><p>
The object can be a function, materialized view, index, or trigger.
The syntax is <code class="command">ALTER .. NO DEPENDS ON</code>.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.8"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.6. <a class="link" href="plpgsql.html" title="Chapter 42. PL/pgSQL — SQL Procedural Language">PL/pgSQL</a></h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve performance of simple PL/pgSQL expressions (Tom Lane,
Amit Langote)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve performance of PL/pgSQL functions that use immutable
expressions (Konstantin Knizhnik)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.9"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.7. Client Interfaces</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow libpq clients to require channel binding for encrypted
connections (Jeff Davis)
</p><p>
Using the libpq connection parameter <a class="link" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-CHANNEL-BINDING"><code class="literal">channel_binding</code></a>
forces the other end of the <acronym class="acronym">TLS</acronym> connection to prove
it knows the user's password. This prevents man-in-the-middle attacks.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add libpq connection parameters to control the minimum and maximum
<acronym class="acronym">TLS</acronym> version allowed for an encrypted connection
(Daniel Gustafsson)
</p><p>
The settings are <a class="xref" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-SSL-MIN-PROTOCOL-VERSION">ssl_min_protocol_version</a> and <a class="xref" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-SSL-MAX-PROTOCOL-VERSION">ssl_max_protocol_version</a>.
By default, the minimum <acronym class="acronym">TLS</acronym> version is 1.2
(this represents a behavioral change from previous releases).
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow use of passwords to unlock client certificates (Craig
Ringer, Andrew Dunstan)
</p><p>
This is enabled by libpq's <a class="xref" href="libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNECT-SSLPASSWORD">sslpassword</a>
connection parameter.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow libpq to use <acronym class="acronym">DER</acronym>-encoded client
certificates (Craig Ringer, Andrew Dunstan)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Fix <span class="application">ecpg</span>'s <code class="literal">EXEC SQL
elif</code> directive to work correctly (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
Previously it behaved the same as <code class="literal">endif</code> followed
by <code class="literal">ifdef</code>, so that a successful previous branch
of the same <code class="literal">if</code> construct did not prevent
expansion of the <code class="literal">elif</code> branch or following
branches.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.10"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.8. Client Applications</h4></div></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.10.2"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.8.1. <a class="xref" href="app-psql.html" title="psql"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">psql</span></span></a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Add transaction status (<code class="literal">%x</code>)
to <span class="application">psql</span>'s default
<a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PROMPTING" title="Prompting">prompts</a> (Vik Fearing)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow the secondary <span class="application">psql</span> prompt to be
blank but the same width as the primary prompt (Thomas Munro)
</p><p>
This is accomplished by setting <code class="literal">PROMPT2</code>
to <code class="literal">%w</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <span class="application">psql</span>'s
<a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS" title="Meta-Commands"><code class="literal">\g</code></a>
and <code class="literal">\gx</code> commands to
change <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS" title="Meta-Commands">\pset</a> output
options for the duration of that single command (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
This feature allows syntax like <code class="literal">\g (expand=on)</code>,
which is equivalent to <code class="literal">\gx</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <span class="application">psql</span> commands to display operator
classes and operator families (Sergey Cherkashin, Nikita Glukhov,
Alexander Korotkov)
</p><p>
The new commands are <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS" title="Meta-Commands"><code class="literal">\dAc</code></a>,
<code class="literal">\dAf</code>, <code class="literal">\dAo</code>,
and <code class="literal">\dAp</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Show table persistence in <span class="application">psql</span>'s <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS" title="Meta-Commands"><code class="literal">\dt+</code></a>
and related commands (David Fetter)
</p><p>
In verbose mode, the table/index/view shows if the object is permanent,
temporary, or unlogged.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Improve output of <span class="application">psql</span>'s <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS" title="Meta-Commands"><code class="literal">\d</code></a>
for <acronym class="acronym">TOAST</acronym> tables (Justin Pryzby)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Fix redisplay after <span class="application">psql</span>'s <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS" title="Meta-Commands"><code class="literal">\e</code></a>
command (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
When exiting the editor, if the query doesn't end with a semicolon
or <code class="literal">\g</code>, the query buffer contents will now be
displayed.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS" title="Meta-Commands"><code class="literal">\warn</code></a>
command to <span class="application">psql</span> (David Fetter)
</p><p>
This is like <code class="literal">\echo</code> except that the text is sent
to stderr instead of stdout.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add the <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> home page to command-line
<code class="option">--help</code> output (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect4" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.10.3"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">E.5.3.8.2. <a class="link" href="pgbench.html" title="pgbench"><span class="application">pgbench</span></a></h5></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow pgbench to partition its <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">accounts</span>”</span> table
(Fabien Coelho)
</p><p>
This allows performance testing of partitioning.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add pgbench command <code class="literal">\aset</code>, which behaves
like <code class="literal">\gset</code>, but for multiple queries (Fabien
Coelho)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow pgbench to generate its initial data server-side, rather
than client-side (Fabien Coelho)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow pgbench to show script contents using option
<code class="option">--show-script</code> (Fabien Coelho)
</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.11"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.9. Server Applications</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Generate backup manifests for base backups, and verify them (Robert
Haas)
</p><p>
A new tool <a class="link" href="app-pgverifybackup.html" title="pg_verifybackup"><span class="application">pg_verifybackup</span></a>
can verify backups.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Have <a class="link" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup"><span class="application">pg_basebackup</span></a>
estimate the total backup size by default (Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
This computation allows <a class="link" href="monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-DYNAMIC-VIEWS-TABLE" title="Table 27.1. Dynamic Statistics Views"><code class="structname">pg_stat_progress_basebackup</code></a>
to show progress. If that is not needed, it can be disabled by
using the <code class="option">--no-estimate-size</code> option. Previously,
this computation happened only if the <code class="option">--progress</code>
option was used.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add an option to <a class="link" href="app-pgrewind.html" title="pg_rewind"><span class="application">pg_rewind</span></a>
to configure standbys (Paul Guo, Jimmy Yih, Ashwin Agrawal)
</p><p>
This matches <a class="link" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup"><span class="application">pg_basebackup</span></a>'s
<code class="option">--write-recovery-conf</code> option.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <span class="application">pg_rewind</span> to use the target
cluster's <a class="xref" href="runtime-config-wal.html#GUC-RESTORE-COMMAND">restore_command</a> to retrieve needed
<acronym class="acronym">WAL</acronym> (Alexey Kondratov)
</p><p>
This is enabled using the
<code class="option">-c</code>/<code class="option">--restore-target-wal</code> option.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Have <span class="application">pg_rewind</span> automatically run crash
recovery before rewinding (Paul Guo, Jimmy Yih, Ashwin Agrawal)
</p><p>
This can be disabled by using <code class="option">--no-ensure-shutdown</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Increase the <a class="link" href="sql-prepare-transaction.html" title="PREPARE TRANSACTION"><code class="command">PREPARE
TRANSACTION</code></a>-related information reported by
<span class="application">pg_waldump</span> (Fujii Masao)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="pgwaldump.html" title="pg_waldump"><span class="application">pg_waldump</span></a>
option <code class="option">--quiet</code> to suppress non-error output (Andres
Freund, Robert Haas)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="app-pgdump.html" title="pg_dump"><span class="application">pg_dump</span></a>
option <code class="option">--include-foreign-data</code> to dump data from
foreign servers (Luis Carril)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow vacuum commands run by <a class="link" href="app-vacuumdb.html" title="vacuumdb">vacuumdb</a> to operate in parallel mode
(Masahiko Sawada)
</p><p>
This is enabled with the new <code class="option">--parallel</code> option.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="app-reindexdb.html" title="reindexdb">reindexdb</a> to operate in
parallel (Julien Rouhaud)
</p><p>
Parallel mode is enabled with the new <code class="option">--jobs</code> option.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="app-dropdb.html" title="dropdb">dropdb</a> to disconnect
sessions using the target database, allowing the drop to succeed
(Pavel Stehule)
</p><p>
This is enabled with the <code class="option">-f</code> option.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove <code class="option">--adduser</code> and <code class="option">--no-adduser</code>
from <a class="link" href="app-createuser.html" title="createuser">createuser</a> (Alexander
Lakhin)
</p><p>
The long-supported preferred options for this are called
<code class="option">--superuser</code> and <code class="option">--no-superuser</code>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Use the directory of the <a class="link" href="pgupgrade.html" title="pg_upgrade"><span class="application">pg_upgrade</span></a>
program as the default <code class="option">--new-bindir</code> setting when
running <span class="application">pg_upgrade</span> (Daniel Gustafsson)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.12"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.10. Documentation</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Add a <a class="link" href="glossary.html" title="Appendix M. Glossary">glossary</a> to the documentation
(Corey Huinker, Jürgen Purtz, Roger Harkavy, Álvaro
Herrera)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Reformat tables containing <a class="link" href="functions.html" title="Chapter 9. Functions and Operators">function
and operator information</a> for better clarity (Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Upgrade to use <a class="link" href="docguide-docbook.html" title="J.1. DocBook">DocBook 4.5</a>
(Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.13"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.11. Source Code</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Add support for building on Visual Studio 2019 (Haribabu Kommi)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add build support for MSYS2 (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add compare_exchange and fetch_add assembly language code for Power
PC compilers (Noah Misch)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Update <a class="link" href="textsearch-dictionaries.html#TEXTSEARCH-SNOWBALL-DICTIONARY" title="12.6.6. Snowball Dictionary">Snowball
stemmer</a> dictionaries used by full text search (Panagiotis
Mavrogiorgos)
</p><p>
This adds Greek stemming and improves Danish and French stemming.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove support for Windows 2000 (Michael Paquier)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove support for non-<acronym class="acronym">ELF</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">BSD</acronym>
systems (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove <a class="link" href="plpython.html" title="Chapter 45. PL/Python — Python Procedural Language">support</a> for Python versions
2.5.X and earlier (Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove <a class="link" href="install-short.html" title="16.1. Short Version">support</a> for OpenSSL 0.9.8
and 1.0.0 (Michael Paquier)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Remove <a class="link" href="install-short.html" title="16.1. Short Version">configure</a> options
<code class="option">--disable-float8-byval</code>
and <code class="option">--disable-float4-byval</code> (Peter Eisentraut)
</p><p>
These were needed for compatibility with some version-zero C
functions, but those are no longer supported.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Pass the query string to planner hook functions (Pascal Legrand,
Julien Rouhaud)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="link" href="sql-truncate.html" title="TRUNCATE"><code class="command">TRUNCATE</code></a>
command hook (Yuli Khodorkovskiy)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <acronym class="acronym">TLS</acronym> init hook (Andrew Dunstan)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow building with no predefined Unix-domain socket directory
(Peter Eisentraut)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Reduce the probability of SysV resource key collision on Unix platforms
(Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Use operating system functions to reliably erase memory that contains
sensitive information (Peter Eisentraut)
</p><p>
For example, this is used for clearing passwords stored in memory.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <code class="filename">headerscheck</code> script to test C header-file
compatibility (Tom Lane)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Implement internal lists as arrays, rather than a chain of cells
(Tom Lane)
</p><p>
This improves performance for queries that access many objects.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Change the API for <code class="function">TS_execute()</code> (Tom Lane,
Pavel Borisov)
</p><p>
<code class="function">TS_execute</code> callbacks must now provide ternary
(yes/no/maybe) logic. Calculating NOT queries accurately is now
the default.
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" id="id-1.11.6.9.5.14"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">E.5.3.12. Additional Modules</h4></div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="link" href="sql-createextension.html" title="CREATE EXTENSION">extensions</a> to be
specified as trusted (Tom Lane)
</p><p>
Such extensions can be installed in a database by users with
database-level <code class="literal">CREATE</code> privileges, even if they
are not superusers. This change also removes
the <code class="structname">pg_pltemplate</code> system catalog.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow non-superusers to connect to <a class="xref" href="postgres-fdw.html" title="F.33. postgres_fdw">postgres_fdw</a>
foreign servers without using a password (Craig Ringer)
</p><p>
Specifically, allow a superuser to set
<code class="literal">password_required</code> to false for
a <a class="link" href="sql-alterusermapping.html" title="ALTER USER MAPPING">user mapping</a>. Care
must still be taken to prevent non-superusers from using superuser
credentials to connect to the foreign server.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <span class="application">postgres_fdw</span> to use certificate
authentication (Craig Ringer)
</p><p>
Different users can use different certificates.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <a class="xref" href="sepgsql.html" title="F.35. sepgsql">sepgsql</a> to control access to the
<code class="command">TRUNCATE</code> command (Yuli Khodorkovskiy)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add extension <a class="link" href="plperl.html" title="Chapter 44. PL/Perl — Perl Procedural Language"><span class="application">bool_plperl</span></a>
which transforms <acronym class="acronym">SQL</acronym> booleans to/from PL/Perl
booleans (Ivan Panchenko)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Have <a class="xref" href="pgstatstatements.html" title="F.29. pg_stat_statements">pg_stat_statements</a> treat <code class="command">SELECT
... FOR UPDATE</code> commands as distinct from those
without <code class="command">FOR UPDATE</code> (Andrew Gierth, Vik Fearing)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Allow <span class="application">pg_stat_statements</span> to optionally
track the planning time of statements (Julien Rouhaud, Pascal Legrand,
Thomas Munro, Fujii Masao)
</p><p>
Previously only execution time was tracked.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Overhaul <a class="xref" href="ltree.html" title="F.21. ltree">ltree</a>'s lquery syntax to treat
<code class="literal">NOT</code> (!) more logically (Filip Rembialkowski,
Tom Lane, Nikita Glukhov)
</p><p>
Also allow non-* queries to use a numeric range ({}) of matches.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add support for binary I/O of <a class="xref" href="ltree.html" title="F.21. ltree">ltree</a>, lquery, and
ltxtquery types (Nino Floris)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add an option to <a class="xref" href="dict-int.html" title="F.11. dict_int">dict_int</a> to ignore the sign
of integers (Jeff Janes)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="xref" href="adminpack.html" title="F.1. adminpack">adminpack</a> function
<code class="function">pg_file_sync()</code> to allow fsync'ing a file
(Fujii Masao)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add <a class="xref" href="pageinspect.html" title="F.22. pageinspect">pageinspect</a> functions to output
<code class="structfield">t_infomask</code>/<code class="structfield">t_infomask2</code>
values in human-readable format (Craig Ringer, Sawada Masahiko,
Michael Paquier)
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
Add B-tree index de-duplication processing columns to pageinspect output
(Peter Geoghegan)
</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect2" id="RELEASE-13-ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">E.5.4. Acknowledgments</h3></div></div></div><p>
The following individuals (in alphabetical order) have contributed to this
release as patch authors, committers, reviewers, testers, or reporters of
issues.
</p><table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Abhijit Menon-Sen</td></tr><tr><td>Adam Lee</td></tr><tr><td>Adam Scott</td></tr><tr><td>Adé Heyward</td></tr><tr><td>Adrien Nayrat</td></tr><tr><td>Ahsan Hadi</td></tr><tr><td>Alastair McKinley</td></tr><tr><td>Aleksandr Parfenov</td></tr><tr><td>Alex Aktsipetrov</td></tr><tr><td>Alex Macy</td></tr><tr><td>Alex Shulgin</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Korotkov</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Kukushkin</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Kuzmenkov</td></tr><tr><td>Alexander Lakhin</td></tr><tr><td>Alexey Bashtanov</td></tr><tr><td>Alexey Kondratov</td></tr><tr><td>Álvaro Herrera</td></tr><tr><td>Amit Kapila</td></tr><tr><td>Amit Khandekar</td></tr><tr><td>Amit Langote</td></tr><tr><td>Amul Sul</td></tr><tr><td>Anastasia Lubennikova</td></tr><tr><td>Andreas Joseph Krogh</td></tr><tr><td>Andreas Karlsson</td></tr><tr><td>Andreas Kunert</td></tr><tr><td>Andreas Seltenreich</td></tr><tr><td>Andrei Zubkov</td></tr><tr><td>Andres Freund</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Bille</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Dunstan</td></tr><tr><td>Andrew Gierth</td></tr><tr><td>Andrey Borodin</td></tr><tr><td>Andrey Klychkov</td></tr><tr><td>Andrey Lepikhov</td></tr><tr><td>Anna Akenteva</td></tr><tr><td>Anna Endo</td></tr><tr><td>Anthony Nowocien</td></tr><tr><td>Anton Vlasov</td></tr><tr><td>Antonin Houska</td></tr><tr><td>Ants Aasma</td></tr><tr><td>Arne Roland</td></tr><tr><td>Arnold Müller</td></tr><tr><td>Arseny Sher</td></tr><tr><td>Arthur Nascimento</td></tr><tr><td>Arthur Zakirov</td></tr><tr><td>Ashutosh Bapat</td></tr><tr><td>Ashutosh Sharma</td></tr><tr><td>Ashwin Agrawal</td></tr><tr><td>Asif Rehman</td></tr><tr><td>Asim Praveen</td></tr><tr><td>Atsushi Torikoshi</td></tr><tr><td>Augustinas Jokubauskas</td></tr><tr><td>Austin Drenski</td></tr><tr><td>Basil Bourque</td></tr><tr><td>Beena Emerson</td></tr><tr><td>Ben Cornett</td></tr><tr><td>Benjie Gillam</td></tr><tr><td>Benoît Lobréau</td></tr><tr><td>Bernd Helmle</td></tr><tr><td>Bharath Rupireddy</td></tr><tr><td>Bhargav Kamineni</td></tr><tr><td>Binguo Bao</td></tr><tr><td>Brad DeJong</td></tr><tr><td>Brandur Leach</td></tr><tr><td>Brent Bates</td></tr><tr><td>Brian Williams</td></tr><tr><td>Bruce Momjian</td></tr><tr><td>Cameron Ezell</td></tr><tr><td>Cary Huang</td></tr><tr><td>Chapman Flack</td></tr><tr><td>Charles Offenbacher</td></tr><tr><td>Chen Huajun</td></tr><tr><td>Chenyang Lu</td></tr><tr><td>Chris Bandy</td></tr><tr><td>Chris Travers</td></tr><tr><td>Christoph Berg</td></tr><tr><td>Christophe Courtois</td></tr><tr><td>Corey Huinker</td></tr><tr><td>Craig Ringer</td></tr><tr><td>Cuiping Lin</td></tr><tr><td>Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Fiori</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Gustafsson</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Vérité</td></tr><tr><td>Daniel Westermann</td></tr><tr><td>Darafei Praliaskouski</td></tr><tr><td>Daryl Waycott</td></tr><tr><td>Dave Cramer</td></tr><tr><td>David Christensen</td></tr><tr><td>David Fetter</td></tr><tr><td>David G. Johnston</td></tr><tr><td>David Gilman</td></tr><tr><td>David Harper</td></tr><tr><td>David Rowley</td></tr><tr><td>David Steele</td></tr><tr><td>David Zhang</td></tr><tr><td>Davinder Singh</td></tr><tr><td>Dean Rasheed</td></tr><tr><td>Denis Stuchalin</td></tr><tr><td>Dent John</td></tr><tr><td>Didier Gautheron</td></tr><tr><td>Dilip Kumar</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Belyavsky</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Dolgov</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Ivanov</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Telpt</td></tr><tr><td>Dmitry Uspenskiy</td></tr><tr><td>Dominik Czarnota</td></tr><tr><td>Dongming Liu</td></tr><tr><td>Ed Morley</td></tr><tr><td>Edmund Horner</td></tr><tr><td>Emre Hasegeli</td></tr><tr><td>Eric Gillum</td></tr><tr><td>Erik Rijkers</td></tr><tr><td>Erwin Brandstetter</td></tr><tr><td>Ethan Waldo</td></tr><tr><td>Etsuro Fujita</td></tr><tr><td>Eugen Konkov</td></tr><tr><td>Euler Taveira</td></tr><tr><td>Fabien Coelho</td></tr><tr><td>Fabrízio de Royes Mello</td></tr><tr><td>Felix Lechner</td></tr><tr><td>Filip Janus</td></tr><tr><td>Filip Rembialkowski</td></tr><tr><td>Frank Gagnepain</td></tr><tr><td>Georgios Kokolatos</td></tr><tr><td>Gilles Darold</td></tr><tr><td>Greg Nancarrow</td></tr><tr><td>Grigory Smolkin</td></tr><tr><td>Guancheng Luo</td></tr><tr><td>Guillaume Lelarge</td></tr><tr><td>Hadi Moshayedi</td></tr><tr><td>Haiying Tang</td></tr><tr><td>Hamid Akhtar</td></tr><tr><td>Hans Buschmann</td></tr><tr><td>Hao Wu</td></tr><tr><td>Haribabu Kommi</td></tr><tr><td>Haruka Takatsuka</td></tr><tr><td>Heath Lord</td></tr><tr><td>Heikki Linnakangas</td></tr><tr><td>Himanshu Upadhyaya</td></tr><tr><td>Hironobu Suzuki</td></tr><tr><td>Hugh McMaster</td></tr><tr><td>Hugh Ranalli</td></tr><tr><td>Hugh Wang</td></tr><tr><td>Ian Barwick</td></tr><tr><td>Ibrar Ahmed</td></tr><tr><td>Ildar Musin</td></tr><tr><td>Insung Moon</td></tr><tr><td>Ireneusz Pluta</td></tr><tr><td>Isaac Morland</td></tr><tr><td>Ivan Kartyshov</td></tr><tr><td>Ivan Panchenko</td></tr><tr><td>Ivan Sergio Borgonovo</td></tr><tr><td>Jaime Casanova</td></tr><tr><td>James Coleman</td></tr><tr><td>James Gray</td></tr><tr><td>James Hunter</td></tr><tr><td>James Inform</td></tr><tr><td>James Lucas</td></tr><tr><td>Jan Mussler</td></tr><tr><td>Jaroslav Sivy</td></tr><tr><td>Jeevan Chalke</td></tr><tr><td>Jeevan Ladhe</td></tr><tr><td>Jeff Davis</td></tr><tr><td>Jeff Janes</td></tr><tr><td>Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais</td></tr><tr><td>Jeremy Evans</td></tr><tr><td>Jeremy Schneider</td></tr><tr><td>Jeremy Smith</td></tr><tr><td>Jerry Sievers</td></tr><tr><td>Jesper Pedersen</td></tr><tr><td>Jesse Kinkead</td></tr><tr><td>Jesse Zhang</td></tr><tr><td>Jian Zhang</td></tr><tr><td>Jie Zhang</td></tr><tr><td>Jim Nasby</td></tr><tr><td>Jimmy Yih</td></tr><tr><td>Jobin Augustine</td></tr><tr><td>Joe Conway</td></tr><tr><td>John Hsu</td></tr><tr><td>John Naylor</td></tr><tr><td>Jon Jensen</td></tr><tr><td>Jonathan Katz</td></tr><tr><td>Jorge Gustavo Rocha</td></tr><tr><td>Josef Šimánek</td></tr><tr><td>Joseph Nahmias</td></tr><tr><td>Juan José Santamaría Flecha</td></tr><tr><td>Julian Backes</td></tr><tr><td>Julien Rouhaud</td></tr><tr><td>Jürgen Purtz</td></tr><tr><td>Justin King</td></tr><tr><td>Justin Pryzby</td></tr><tr><td>Karl O. Pinc</td></tr><tr><td>Keisuke Kuroda</td></tr><tr><td>Keith Fiske</td></tr><tr><td>Kelly Min</td></tr><tr><td>Ken Tanzer</td></tr><tr><td>Kirill Bychik</td></tr><tr><td>Kirk Jamison</td></tr><tr><td>Konstantin Knizhnik</td></tr><tr><td>Kuntal Ghosh</td></tr><tr><td>Kyle Kingsbury</td></tr><tr><td>Kyotaro Horiguchi</td></tr><tr><td>Lars Kanis</td></tr><tr><td>Laurenz Albe</td></tr><tr><td>Leif Gunnar Erlandsen</td></tr><tr><td>Li Japin</td></tr><tr><td>Liudmila Mantrova</td></tr><tr><td>Lucas Viecelli</td></tr><tr><td>Luis M. Carril</td></tr><tr><td>Lukáš Sobotka</td></tr><tr><td>Maciek Sakrejda</td></tr><tr><td>Magnus Hagander</td></tr><tr><td>Mahadevan Ramachandran</td></tr><tr><td>Mahendra Singh Thalor</td></tr><tr><td>Manuel Rigger</td></tr><tr><td>Marc Munro</td></tr><tr><td>Marcos David</td></tr><tr><td>Marina Polyakova</td></tr><tr><td>Mark Dilger</td></tr><tr><td>Mark Wong</td></tr><tr><td>Marko Tiikkaja</td></tr><tr><td>Markus Winand</td></tr><tr><td>Marti Raudsepp</td></tr><tr><td>Martijn van Oosterhout</td></tr><tr><td>Masahiko Sawada</td></tr><tr><td>Masahiro Ikeda</td></tr><tr><td>Masao Fujii</td></tr><tr><td>Mateusz Guzik</td></tr><tr><td>Matt Jibson</td></tr><tr><td>Matteo Beccati</td></tr><tr><td>Maxence Ahlouche</td></tr><tr><td>Melanie Plageman</td></tr><tr><td>Michael Banck</td></tr><tr><td>Michael Luo</td></tr><tr><td>Michael Meskes</td></tr><tr><td>Michael Paquier</td></tr><tr><td>Michail Nikolaev</td></tr><tr><td>Mike Palmiotto</td></tr><tr><td>Mithun Cy</td></tr><tr><td>Movead Li</td></tr><tr><td>Nathan Bossart</td></tr><tr><td>Nazli Ugur Koyluoglu</td></tr><tr><td>Neha Sharma</td></tr><tr><td>Nicola Contu</td></tr><tr><td>Nicolás Alvarez</td></tr><tr><td>Nikhil Sontakke</td></tr><tr><td>Nikita Glukhov</td></tr><tr><td>Nikolay Shaplov</td></tr><tr><td>Nino Floris</td></tr><tr><td>Noah Misch</td></tr><tr><td>Noriyoshi Shinoda</td></tr><tr><td>Oleg Bartunov</td></tr><tr><td>Oleg Samoilov</td></tr><tr><td>Oleksii Kliukin</td></tr><tr><td>Ondrej Jirman</td></tr><tr><td>Panagiotis Mavrogiorgos</td></tr><tr><td>Pascal Legrand</td></tr><tr><td>Patrick McHardy</td></tr><tr><td>Paul Guo</td></tr><tr><td>Paul Jungwirth</td></tr><tr><td>Paul Ramsey</td></tr><tr><td>Paul Sivash</td></tr><tr><td>Paul Spencer</td></tr><tr><td>Pavan Deolasee</td></tr><tr><td>Pavel Borisov</td></tr><tr><td>Pavel Luzanov</td></tr><tr><td>Pavel Stehule</td></tr><tr><td>Pavel Suderevsky</td></tr><tr><td>Peifeng Qiu</td></tr><tr><td>Pengzhou Tang</td></tr><tr><td>Peter Billen</td></tr><tr><td>Peter Eisentraut</td></tr><tr><td>Peter Geoghegan</td></tr><tr><td>Peter Smith</td></tr><tr><td>Petr Fedorov</td></tr><tr><td>Petr Jelínek</td></tr><tr><td>Phil Bayer</td></tr><tr><td>Philip Semanchuk</td></tr><tr><td>Philippe Beaudoin</td></tr><tr><td>Pierre Ducroquet</td></tr><tr><td>Pierre Giraud</td></tr><tr><td>Piotr Gabriel Kosinski</td></tr><tr><td>Piotr Wlodarczyk</td></tr><tr><td>Prabhat Sahu</td></tr><tr><td>Quan Zongliang</td></tr><tr><td>Quentin Rameau</td></tr><tr><td>Rafael Castro</td></tr><tr><td>Rafia Sabih</td></tr><tr><td>Raj Mohite</td></tr><tr><td>Rajkumar Raghuwanshi</td></tr><tr><td>Ramanarayana M</td></tr><tr><td>Ranier Vilela</td></tr><tr><td>Rares Salcudean</td></tr><tr><td>Raúl Marín Rodríguez</td></tr><tr><td>Raymond Martin</td></tr><tr><td>Reijo Suhonen</td></tr><tr><td>Richard Guo</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Ford</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Haas</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Kahlert</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Treat</td></tr><tr><td>Robin Abbi</td></tr><tr><td>Robins Tharakan</td></tr><tr><td>Roger Harkavy</td></tr><tr><td>Roman Peshkurov</td></tr><tr><td>Rui DeSousa</td></tr><tr><td>Rui Hai Jiang</td></tr><tr><td>Rushabh Lathia</td></tr><tr><td>Ryan Lambert</td></tr><tr><td>Ryohei Takahashi</td></tr><tr><td>Scott Ribe</td></tr><tr><td>Sean Farrell</td></tr><tr><td>Sehrope Sarkuni</td></tr><tr><td>Sergei Agalakov</td></tr><tr><td>Sergei Kornilov</td></tr><tr><td>Sergey Cherkashin</td></tr><tr><td>Shawn Debnath</td></tr><tr><td>Shawn Wang</td></tr><tr><td>Shay Rojansky</td></tr><tr><td>Shenhao Wang</td></tr><tr><td>Simon Riggs</td></tr><tr><td>Slawomir Chodnicki</td></tr><tr><td>Soumyadeep Chakraborty</td></tr><tr><td>Stéphane Lorek</td></tr><tr><td>Stephen Frost</td></tr><tr><td>Steve Rogerson</td></tr><tr><td>Steven Winfield</td></tr><tr><td>Surafel Temesgen</td></tr><tr><td>Suraj Kharage</td></tr><tr><td>Takanori Asaba</td></tr><tr><td>Takao Fujii</td></tr><tr><td>Takayuki Tsunakawa</td></tr><tr><td>Takuma Hoshiai</td></tr><tr><td>Tatsuhito Kasahara</td></tr><tr><td>Tatsuo Ishii</td></tr><tr><td>Tatsuro Yamada</td></tr><tr><td>Taylor Vesely</td></tr><tr><td>Teodor Sigaev</td></tr><tr><td>Tham Nguyen</td></tr><tr><td>Thibaut Madelaine</td></tr><tr><td>Thom Brown</td></tr><tr><td>Thomas Kellerer</td></tr><tr><td>Thomas Munro</td></tr><tr><td>Tiago Anastacio</td></tr><tr><td>Tim Clarke</td></tr><tr><td>Tim Möhlmann</td></tr><tr><td>Tom Ellis</td></tr><tr><td>Tom Gottfried</td></tr><tr><td>Tom Lane</td></tr><tr><td>Tomas Vondra</td></tr><tr><td>Tuomas Leikola</td></tr><tr><td>Tushar Ahuja</td></tr><tr><td>Victor Wagner</td></tr><tr><td>Victor Yegorov</td></tr><tr><td>Vignesh C</td></tr><tr><td>Vik Fearing</td></tr><tr><td>Vinay Banakar</td></tr><tr><td>Vladimir Leskov</td></tr><tr><td>Vladimir Sitnikov</td></tr><tr><td>Vyacheslav Makarov</td></tr><tr><td>Vyacheslav Shablistyy</td></tr><tr><td>Will Leinweber</td></tr><tr><td>William Crowell</td></tr><tr><td>Wyatt Alt</td></tr><tr><td>Yang Xiao</td></tr><tr><td>Yaroslav Schekin</td></tr><tr><td>Yi Huang</td></tr><tr><td>Yigong Hu</td></tr><tr><td>Yoann La Cancellera</td></tr><tr><td>Yoshikazu Imai</td></tr><tr><td>Yu Kimura</td></tr><tr><td>Yugo Nagata</td></tr><tr><td>Yuli Khodorkovskiy</td></tr><tr><td>Yusuke Egashira</td></tr><tr><td>Yuya Watari</td></tr><tr><td>Yuzuko Hosoya</td></tr><tr><td>ZhenHua Cai</td></tr></table></div></div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" class="navfooter"><hr></hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="release-13-1.html" title="E.4. 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